‘HUASHAN ROCK ART’ DALAM KONTEKS SOSIOBUDAYA ETNIK LUOYUE, GUANGXI, CHINA
Abstract
Abstrak
Artikel ini menfokuskan tentang keistimewaan lukisan gua di Huashan Rock Art, Guangxi, China. Objektif penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetengahkan motif lukisan gua di Huashan Rock Art kerana ia menampilkan motif yang pelbagai saiz yang dipaparkan pada dinding gua di tapak tersebut. Walaupun telah disenaraikan sebagai salah satu tapak warisan dunia pada 2016, namun tidak ramai orang awam yang mengetahui tentang kewujudan dan keistimewaan yang ada di tapak ini. Malahan kini tapak Huashan Rock Art telah menjadi tumpuan pelawat dari serata dunia untuk melihat usaha pemeliharaan dan pemuliharaan lukisan gua dalam konteks arkeopelancongan. Penulisan ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dengan membuat rujukan di perpustakaan bagi mendapatkan bahan sama ada dalam bentuk jurnal atau buku. Selain itu, penulisan ini adalah berdasarkan pemerhatian sewaktu membuat lawatan ke tapak berkenaan pada 15 April 2017 di bawah program The Second China-ASEAN Ethnic Cultural Forum. Hasil kajian mendapati sungguhpun tapak lukisan gua banyak di serata dunia sebenarnya terdapat beberapa keistimewaan berkaitan dengan tapak Huashan Rock Art. Antaranya ialah semua lukisan gua di tapak ini menggunakan hematit iaitu sejenis bahantara yang sering digunakan untuk menghasilkan lukisan gua. Selain itu, sebahagian besar lukisan gua di tapak ini didapati masih utuh dan terpelihara. Terdapat tiga jenis klasifikasi motif lukisan gua yang dipaparkan iaitu motif manusia, artifak dan binatang, namun motif manusia sangat dominan berbanding yang lain. Di samping itu, berdasarkan motif lukisan gua yang dipaparkan tersebut didapati ia amat sinonim dengan sosiobudaya masyarakat setempat sehingga ke hari ini.
Kata kunci: Huashan Rock Art, sosiobudaya, lukisan gua, hematit & motif
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Abstract
This article focuses on the special position of cave paintings in Huashan Rock Art, Guangxi, China. The objective of this study is to expose the motifs of cave paintings in Huashan Rock Art as it portrays different sizes in the walls of the cave. Eventhough it is listed as a world heritage site in 2016 but its existence is unknown to the general public. In fact, the Huashan Rock Art site now has become an attraction to visitors worldwide to observe the preservation and restoration of the cave paintings in the context of archeotourism. This study uses qualitative methods using library research to obtain resources both from journals and books. Other than that, the study is based on our site visit on 15 April 2017 under The Second China-ASEAN Ethnic Cultural Forum. As the result of the study, eventhough there are many cave paintings all over the world but the Huashan Rock Art is so special as the site uses hematite, that is, a medium that are normally used to produce cave paintings. Furthermore, a bigger part of the cave paintings in the site is still strong and preserved. There are three classifications on the motifs of the cave paintings, that is, human motifs, artifacts and animals but the human motifs are more dominant compared to the others. Similarly, based on the cave paintings shown, there seems to be strong resemblance with the sociocultural part of the present society.
Keywords: Huashan Rock Art, socioculture, rock painting, hematite, motif
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