طرق تلقي الحديث عند الصحابة -رضوان الله عليهم- بعد مماته صلى الله عليه وسلم

Shumsudin Yabi, Aminudin Basir@Ahmad, Fadlan Mohd Othman, Ali Samoh, Akila Mamat, Norhasnira Ibrahim

Abstract


طرق تلقي الحديث عند الصحابة -رضوان الله عليهم-

بعد مماته صلى الله عليه وسلم

 

ملخص البحث

بعد وفاة النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أدرك الصحابةُ الكرام رضوان الله عليهم؛ بأن الوحي قد انقطع. فاتجه الصحابة إلى معرفة الطرق التي تساعدهم في الحفاظ والعناية بالحديث النبوي. وقد ظهرت الحاجة إلى الرواية واشتدت مع اتساع أقطار الإسلام وكثرة النوازل والأحداث. وقد بذل الصحابة رضوان الله عليهم جهودًا ضخمة جبَّارة في خدمة الحديث النبوي، وأن ينقُلُوها إلى الأجيال التالية غضَّةً طرية. وجاءت هذه الدراسة المكتبية لتوثق تلك الجهود. واستخلصت منها طرق تلقي الصحابة رضوان الله عليهم الحديث عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بعد وفاته. ولتبين تنوع تلك الطرق وأهميتها. وذلك مثل؛ الأولى، الحرص على سؤال بعضهم بعضاً، وإن اقتضى الأمر الرحلة. والثانية،  التثبت واليقظة حين الرواية. والثالثة، أمرهم بتقليل الرواية عن رسول الله ﷺ خشية وقوع الخطأ أو النسيان. والرابعة، استحلاف الراوي والسماع أكثر من مرة في زمن متغاير وغيرها. ولقد أثمرت هذه الجهودُ في حفظ الحديث من الضياع والكذب فيه.

 

Methods of the Companions in Receiving the Prophetic Hadith
after the Death of Prophet Muhammad

 

Abstract

After the death of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), the Companions realized that the revelation had stopped. The Companions reacted by finding ways which can help them preserve the Prophetic Hadith. The expansion of the Islamic territories and the abundance of incidents and events had made the narration of the Prophetic Hadith a necessity. The Companions have made tremendous efforts in the service of the Prophetic Hadith in order to it to the next generation. This library research is aimed to record these efforts and to derive the methods of the Companions in receiving the Prophetic Hadith from the Prophet –Peace be upon him- after his death. This study also explain the diversity and the importance of those methods. These methods included first, emphasizing on asking one another even though if performing a journey is necessary. Second, verification and vigilance in the narration. Third, their command to reduce the narration of the Prophetic Hadith in fear of error or forgetfulness. Fourth, oath adjuration to the narrator and repetition of hearing in heterogeneous time. These efforts have resulted in preserving the Prophetic Hadith from elimination and fraud.

 


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