Biodegradable Poly(lactic acid) Scaffold for Tissue Engineering: A Brief Review
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers have been recorganized as alternative materials for tissue engineering applications, due to their ability to degrade through simple hydrolysis to products which can be accomplished through enzymatic activities in human body. Among various biomaterials used in the synthesis of biodegradable polymer scaffold, poly (lactic acid) (PLA) has recently received significant attention among researchers. Poly (lactic acid) is at present one of the most preferred biodegradable polymer for this purpose and has convincingly demonstrated the proof of concept as biodegradable materials used in polymeric scaffold. This is due to their mechanical properties and biological properties such as biocompatibility and biodegradability. Most importantly incorporation of PLA with natural polymers such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), gelatin, and collagen enhanced a good mechanical properties with controllable degradation time. In particular, PLA has been extensively studied for the development of scaffold for tissues such as bone tissue, drug delivery, stent and artificial organ in commercial use and in research. In this review paper, an overview of the scaffold design requirement and the influence of fabrication techniques on the pore size and physical properties were discussed in detailed.
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