Reliability and Validity of Malay language version of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-M) among The Malaysian Cohort participants
Abstract
Introduction: Validation of instruments is essential when assessing physical activity (PA). The aim of this study was to validate a Malay language version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-M) against Actical accelerometer and to determine its reliability and validity.
Methodology: A total of 90 Malay adults aged 35-65 years participating in The Malaysian Cohort project were recruited for this study. The IPAQ-M comprised 12 items, covering vigorous, moderate, walking, sitting and sleeping activities, was interview-administered on two occasions (Day 1 and Day 9). Participants wore the Actical accelerometer for seven consecutive days between the two interview sessions.
Results: Validity tests showed that time spent in moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (min wk-1) from IPAQ-M was significantly correlated with MVPA from accelerometer (r=0.32, p<0.01). Time spent in vigorous activity (r=0.44) and total activity (r=0.36) from IPAQ-M were significantly correlated (p<0.01) with that measured by accelerometer, but no correlation was observed for sedentary behaviour. Reliability tests revealed significant correlations between the two interview sessions for all intensities of PA (r=0.55 to 0.71, p<0.01). Bland-Altman plots showed that time spent in MVPA for IPAQ-M was significantly different from that measured by accelerometer (mean difference: 98.02 min wk-1; 95% limits of agreement: -785.33 to 1317.83 min wk-1; p<0.01). When classifying people into meeting PA recommendation, the agreement between the two instruments was fair (κ=0.22).
Conclusion: The IPAQ-M has acceptable validity for MVPA, vigorous and total physical activity, and was reliable for assessing the physical activity of Malay adults.
Keywords: accelerometer, IPAQ, physical activity, reliability, validationÂ
References
Loreto CD, Fanelli C, Lucidi P, Murdolo G, Cicco AD, Parlanti N, et al. Validation of a counselling strategy to promote the adoption and the maintenance of physical activity by type 2 Diabetics subjects. Diabetes Care. 2003; 26:2.
Berlin JE, Storti KL, Brach JS. Using activity monitors to measure physical activity in free-living conditions. Physical Therapy. 2006, 86:1137-45.
World Health Organization. Global recommendations on physical activity for health. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
Lim SS, Carnahan E, Danaei G, Vos T, Lopez AD, Murray CJL, et al. Annual deaths attributable to physical inactivity: whither the missing 2 million? — Author’s reply. The Lancet. 2013; 381:993.
IPH (Institute for Public Health). The Third National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS III) 2006. General Findings. Kuala Lumpur: Ministry of Health Malaysia; 2008.
Ainsworth BE. How do I measure physical activity in my patients? Questionnaires and objective methods. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2009; 43:6-9.
Bergman P. The prevalence of physical activity among a random sample of the Swedish population between 18-74 years. Preventive Nutrition and Physical Activity Reports. 2004; 4:1-18.
Livingstone MB, Robson PJ, Wallace JM, McKinley MC. How active are we? Levels of routine physical activity in children and adults. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 2003; 62:681-701.
Bonomi G, Plasqui G, Goris AHC, Westerterp KR. Improving assessment of daily energy expenditure by identifying types of physical activity with a single accelerometer. Journal of Applied Physiology. 2009; 107:655-61.
Ward DS, Evenson KR, Vaughn A, Rodgers AB, Troiano RP. Accelerometer use in physical activity: best practices and research recommendations. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2005; 37(11):S582.
Craig CL, Marshall A, Sjostrom M, Bauman A, Booth M, Ainsworth B, et al. International Physical Activity Questionnaire: 12 country reliability and validity. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2003; 35:1381-95.
Kurtze N, Rangul V, Hustveldt B. Reliability and validity of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire in the Nord-Trondelag Health Study (HUNT) population of men. BMC Medical Research Methodology. 2008; 8:63.
World Health Organization. WHO Global infobase on physical activity-data from the World Health Survey 2003. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2008; Available from: http://www.who.int/infobase
Chu AYH, Moy FM. Reliability and Validity of the Malay International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-M) Among a Malay Population in Malaysia. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health. 2012; Online First: doi: 10.1177/1010539512444120
Rahman J, Syed Zulkifli SZ, Mohd Arman K, Nazihah AJ, Norliza I, Norkhamiwati MK, et al. Cohort profile: The Malaysian Cohort (TMC) project: a prospective study of non-communicable diseases in a multi-ethnic population. International Journal of Epidemiology. 2014;1–9. Advance Access: doi: 10.1093/ije/dyu089
The International physical activity questionnaire. Guidelines for data processing and analysis of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Revised 2005. Available from: http://www.ipaq.ki.se
Hagstromer M. Assessment of health-enhancing physical activity at population level. Sweden: Karolinska Institute; 2007:1-50.
Poh BK, Nik Shanita S, Rasyedah AR, Tan SY. Key Message 3: Be physically active everyday. In: Malaysian Dietary Guidelines. Putrajaya: Ministry of Health Malaysia; 2010. p. 38-62.
Pfeiffer KA, Mciver KL, Dowda M, Almeida MC, Pate RR. Validation and calibration of the Actical accelerometer in preschool children. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2006; 38(1):152-7.
Wolin KY, Heil DP, Askews S, Matthews CE, Bennett GG. Validation of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short among blacks. Journal of Physical Activity and Health. 2008; 5(5):746-60.
Trost SG, McIver KL, Pate RR. Conducting accelerometer-based activity assessments in field-based research. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2005; 37:531-43.
Heil DP. Predicting activity energy expenditure using the Actical activity monitor. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport. 2006; 77: 64-80.
Bland JM, Altman DG. Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet. 1986; 1:307-10.
Ekelund U, Sepp H, Brage S, Becker W, Jackes R, Hennings M, et al. Criterion-related validity of the last 7-day, short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire in Swedish adults. Public Health Nutrition. 2006; 9(2):258-65.
Boon RM, Hamlin MJ, Steel GD, Ross JJ. Validation of the New Zealand Physical Activity Questionnaire (NZPAQ-LF) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-LF) with accelerometry. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2010; 44(10):741-6.
Hagstromer M, Oja P, Sjostrom M. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ): A study of concurrent and construct validity. Public Health Nutrition. 2006; 9(6):755-62.
Lee PH, Macfarlane DJ, Lam TH, Stewart SM. Validity of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF): a systematic review. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 2011; 8:115.
Macfarlane DJ, Lee CC, Ho EY, Chan KL, Chan DT. Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of IPAQ (short, last 7 days). Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 2007; 10(1):45-51.
Fogelholm M, Malmbag J, Suni J. International Physical Activity Questionnaire: Validity against fitness. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 200;, 38:753-60.
Poh BK, Safiah MY, Tahir A, Siti Haslinda MD, Siti Norazlin, N, Norimah, AK, et al. Physical activity pattern and energy expenditure of Malaysians adults: Findings from the Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey (MANS). Malaysian Journal of Nutrition. 2010; 16(1):13-37.
Rzewnicki R, Vanden AY, de Bourdeaudhuij I. Addressing over reporting on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) telephone survey with a population sample. Public Health Nutrition. 2003; 6(3):299-305.
Oyeyemi AL, Oyeyemi AY, Adegoke BO, Oyetoke FO, Aliyu HN, Aliyu SU, et al. The short International Physical Activity Questionnaire: Cross-cultural adaptation, validation and reliability of the Hausa language version in Nigeria. BMC Medical Research and Methodology. 2011; 11:156.
Dishman RK, Rooks CR, Thom NJ, Moh KW, Nigg CR. Meeting U.S. Healthy People 2010 levels of physical activity: Agreement of 2 measures across 2 years. Annals of Epidemiology. 2010; 20: 511-23.
Landis JR, Koch G. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics. 1977; 33:159-74.
Adams SA, Matthews CE, Ebbeling CB, Moore CG, Cunningham JE, Fulton J, et al. The effect of social desirability and social approval on self-reports of physical activity. American Journal of Epidemiology. 2005; 161:389-98.
Ainsworth BE, Levy S. Assessment of health-enhancing physical activity: Methodological issues. In. Oja P, Borms J, editor. Health Enhancing Physical Activity. Oxford: Meyer & Meyer Sport; 2004. p. 239-70.
Barnett J, Nigg C, de Bourdeaudhuij I, Maglione C, Maddock J. The effect of item order an physical activity estimates using the IPAQ. Californian Journal of Health Promotion. 2007; 5:23-9.
Masse LC, Fuemmeler BF, Anderson CB, Matthews CE, Trost SG, Catellier DJ, et al. Accelerometer data reduction: A comparison of four reduction algorithms on select outcome variables. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2005; 37: S544-54.
Welk GJ. Physical activity assessments for health-related research. Champaign: Human Kinetics; 2002.
Esliger DW, Copeland JL, Barnes JD, Tremblay MS. Standardizing and optimizing the use of accelerometer data for free-living physical activity monitoring. Journal of Physical Activity and Health. 2005; 2(3):366-83.
