Students Views and Perceptions on Outdoor Air Pollution in Iskandar Puteri, Malaysia

Abstract

Introduction:

Air pollution and air quality are growing concerns among urban citizens of Southeast Asia, especially the University students who devote most of their days to the vicinity of campus. However, there is limited data available on the extent of the problem, as well as an understanding of the knowledge of and perceptions of people who may be exposed to poor air quality.

Methods:

This focused study evaluated University students’ opinions, perceptions, and behavioral responses to local air quality in the Iskandar Puteri, Johor region of Malaysia using an online questionnaire, and measurements of NO₂, SO₂, formaldehyde, and particulate matter levels in the area using diffusion tubes. All air quality parameters were within the standards recommended by the local environmental authority, however, NO₂ levels exceeded the recommended World Health Organization (WHO) standards at all sites.

Results:

Questionnaire findings indicate that students most commonly suffered from respiratory diseases, and were very concerned about air pollution and its impacts. Respondents perceived the situation to be worse in the afternoons and weekends, corroborated by the PM2.5 readings in the area. Preferred preventive measures included wearing masks and limiting active time outdoors.

Conclusions:

The evidence from this study highlighted the need to improve air quality in Iskandar Puteri as the NO₂ level exceeded international standards for human health at all study sites. This could be supported by educational programs for industry, limitations on traffic emissions, and general awareness of air quality issues present locally.