Evaluation of the Impact of Enhanced Primary Health Care Intervention Programme in Malaysia: A Repeat Cross-sectional Pre-Post Quasi Experimental Study

Authors

  • Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff Institute for Public Health, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, 40170, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Thamil Arasu Saminathan
  • Jane Ling Miaw Yn
  • Wan Shakira Rodzlan Hasani
  • Nur Liana Ab Majid
  • Halizah Mat Rifin
  • Tania Gayle Robert Lourdes
  • Hasimah Ismail
  • Suhaila Abdul Ghaffar
  • Mohd Hasnan Ahmad

Abstract

Introduction

Non-communicable diseases (NCD) lead to substantial mortality and morbidity worldwide. Malaysia is currently experiencing an epidemic of NCDs. Objective: This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Enhanced Primary Health Care (EnPHC) intervention in reducing the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes, undiagnosed hypertension and undiagnosed hypercholesterolemia as well as NCD risk factors in the population after about one year of intervention.

Methods

This is a repeat cross-sectional pre-post quasi-experimental study comparing intervention and control group. The target population included adults aged 30 years and above living within the 40 selected clinics' catchment areas for at least six months. Data were collected using face-to-face interviews and clinical assessments. A difference-in-difference (DID) analysis was used to determine the effect of the EnPHC intervention.

Results

The percentage of the population screened for diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia increased from the baseline status by 8.7%, 9.9% and 9.2%, respectively. The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia decreased from the baseline status by 17.6% and 13.7% compared to the control group. However, the EnPHC intervention did not affect the prevalence of overweight, obesity and smoking.

Conclusion

The EnPHC intervention contributed to the reduction in the prevalence of undiagnosed NCDs. A more extended period of intervention would be required to show the effect on NCD risk factors. Further strengthening of the intervention would be needed for implementation in other localities.

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Published

2024-09-10

How to Cite

Mohd Yusoff, M. F., Saminathan, T. A., Jane Ling Miaw Yn, Rodzlan Hasani, W. S., Ab Majid, N. L., Mat Rifin, H., Robert Lourdes, T. G., Ismail, H., Abdul Ghaffar, S., & Ahmad, M. H. (2024). Evaluation of the Impact of Enhanced Primary Health Care Intervention Programme in Malaysia: A Repeat Cross-sectional Pre-Post Quasi Experimental Study. International Journal of Public Health Research, 14(2), 1964–1972. Retrieved from https://spaj.ukm.my/ijphr/index.php/ijphr/article/view/454

Issue

Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024): International Journal of Public Health Research

Section

Public Health Research

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff, Thamil Arasu Saminathan, Jane Ling Miaw Yn, Wan Shakira Rodzlan Hasani, Nur Liana Ab Majid, Halizah Mat Rifin, Tania Gayle Robert Lourdes, Hasimah Ismail, Suhaila Abdul Ghaffar, Mohd Hasnan Ahmad

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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