ANDRAGOGICAL APPROACHES IN ENHANCING THE UNDERSTANDING OF FARDHU AIN AMONG ADULT MUALAF
Pendekatan Andragogi dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Ilmu Fardu Ain Terhadap Mualaf Dewasa
Abstract
As adult individuals who have newly embraced Islam, converts require specific approaches in learning fardu ain (individual religious obligations). Unlike born Muslims, they often face challenges related to language barriers, prior knowledge, and adaptation to new religious practices. This study aims to explore appropriate andragogical approaches to enhance the understanding of fardu ain among adult converts, as well as to identify the challenges faced during their learning process. A qualitative case study design was employed to capture the lived experiences of converts. Data were collected through structured interviews involving four adult converts who regularly attended Islamic classes in Bintulu, Sarawak. The participants were selected through purposive sampling to ensure they met specific criteria, such as age, duration of conversion, and commitment to religious learning. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis as outlined by Braun and Clarke (2006). The findings revealed four effective andragogical strategies: (i) utilizing personal experiences as learning sources, (ii) fostering internal motivation, (iii) encouraging two-way discussions between teachers and learners, and (iv) problem-based learning. These approaches enabled the participants to relate religious concepts to their daily lives, thus enhancing comprehension and practice. Nevertheless, several challenges hindered the learning process, including age and cognitive limitations, language difficulties, and insufficient foundational Islamic knowledge. In conclusion, the study highlights the importance of implementing adult-friendly and systematic Islamic learning modules for converts. Such modules, complemented by regular monitoring and supportive teaching methods, can strengthen both cognitive understanding and practical application of fardu ain, ultimately contributing to the religious integration and spiritual growth of adult converts.
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