مصطلح العقل في القرآن الكريم ووسائل الحفاظ عليه: دراسة قرآنية مقاصدية

Bey Zekkoub Abdelali, Yasser Mohamed Tarshany

Abstract


مصطلح العقل في القرآن الكريم ووسائل الحفاظ عليه: دراسة قرآنية مقاصدية

 The Concept of Intellect in the Noble Quran and the Ways of Preserve It:

A Quranic Study

 

ملخّص البحث

لقد أوجب الشارع المحافظة على العقل، وعدم تعريضه للتلف، وذلك بوسائل عدة. إلاّ أنّ تجاهل هذه الوسائل؛ توجب اختلال العقل، وإذا اختل العقل الإنساني؛ اختل نظام الأمة بوجه ما، وعلى هذا يجب على الإنسان أن يعلم أن عقله ليس خالصًا له، بل لله فيه الحق، وللمجتمع فيه حق، ومن هنا وجب الأخذ بوسائل المحافظة عليه وعدم تعريضه للتلف؛ صيانة لحق الله فيه، ثم لحق المجتمع، لذا سعى البحث إلى إحصاء كلمة "العقل" في القرآن الكريم بتصريفاتها المختلفة، ثم تحليلها، كما سعى إلى استكشاف وسائل الحفاظ على العقل الإنساني في الشريعة الإسلامية. موظّفًا المنهج الاستقرائي التحليلي، ثم الاستنباطي. وقد توصّل البحث إلى أنّ "العقل" ذكر في القرآن باشتقاقاته المختلفة تسع وأربعين مرة، كما توصل إلى وجود عدة وسائل للحفاظ على مقصد العقل، ومن أهمها: حفظ العقل بالتفكير الصحيح، وبتدبر القرآن والعمل به، وبالدراسة عبر الإنترنت، وبتنمية مهاراته عن طريق  الذكاء الاصطناعي، وبحرية التعبير عن الرأي  والتشاور مع الآخرين، وبتنمية مناهج التفكير  النقدي والإبداعي، وبنهيه عن الحرام، وعن التلقيد الأعمى، وعن التفكير خارج حدوده، وعن الانشغال بالأمور الخلافية التي لا ينبني عليها عمل، وعن نشر الشائعات، ومن مخاطر تعطيل وسائل الحفاظ على مقصد العقل: التخلف الحضاري، التقويم الخاطئ للأشخاص، عدم تنوع الآراء والاجتهادات، الإدمان على الألعاب الإلكترونية، تصديق الأوهام والخرافات، والغضب  عند الحوار.

الكلمات المفتاحية: حفظ العقل، القرآن الكريم، وسائل، مقاصد الشريعة، مخاطر.

 

Abstract

The religion has urged to preserve the intellect ('aql) and not to damage it; this can be achieved in various ways. One of the consequences that happened when not preserving the intellect is it will lead to the state of imbalanced. Furthermore, the imbalance of the human’s intellect can affect the entire nation’s system. Therefore, the man must remember that his intellect is a blessing from Allah and must abide by the rules of Allah. All the actions and decision must also according to these rules. Moreover, this intellect has to be preserved by the legal means from anything that might cause harm to it. In doing so, the commandments of Allah and the rights of people are preserved and intact. This study aims to count the repetition of the word ‘intellect’ in the Quran with its diverse linguistic syntax and then analyse it. Besides, it also aims to shed light on the ways on preserving the intellect from the Islamic perspective by implementing an analytical inductive and deductive approach. This study has concluded that the word ‘intellect’ has been mentioned in the Quran forty-nine times. It also concludes that there are a lot of ways to preserve the intellect  such as: preserving the intellect  through the right thinking, by pondering upon the Quran and act according to the right teaching, by using the internet as a way of study, by developing skills through the artificial intelligence, by the freedom of expression and consulting others by developing the methodologies of critical and innovative thinking, by prohibiting all kinds of illicit, by urging the intellect to not follow blindly, and by urging the intellect not to think beyond its limits. In addition, the dangers that comes from hindering the ways to preserve the intellect  are: the inability to keep pace with the contemporary civilization, evaluating people in a wrong way, the lack of diverse opinions and endeavours‎, addiction of  playing video games, believing in myths and arguing angrily. 

Keywords: Preserving the intellect, The Noble Quran, method, Maqāṣid Sharīʿah, dangers.


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