Analisis Wacana Agama dan Globalisasi: Menyingkap Pendekatan al-Qardawi

Abstract

Analisis Wacana Agama dan Globalisasi:

Menyingkap Pendekatan al-Qardawi 

Karya Sheikh Yusuf al-Qardawi (2004) Khiṭābunā al-Islāmīy fī `Asr al-`Awlamaṯ (Wacana Islam Kita pada Era Globalisasi) merupakan respons dan pandangan beliau tentang impak globalisasi serta strategi penyelesaian yang sepatutnya diambil oleh masyarakat Islam. Oleh kerana pemikiran al-Qardawi bukan naratif agama semata-mata, maka terdapat ciri dan pendekatan linguistik dan bukan linguistik yang menjadi elemen teras wacana agama. Pemikiran beliau turut mengandungi gagasan pembentukan sebuah analisis wacana agama berteraskan epistemologi Islam. Apakah elemen teras wacana agama al-Qardawi tersebut? Bagaimanakah binaan gagasan dibentuk berdasarkan analisis wacana beliau? Artikel ini bertujuan (1) mengenal pasti elemen teras wacana agama dalam pemikiran al-Qardawi, dan (2) membina gagasan dan model analisis wacana agama berpandukan pendekatan al-Qardawi. Data kajian ini ialah lima belas ciri wacana agama yang diketengahkan dalam karya berkenaan. Kerangka teoretikal adalah berdasarkan empat elemen teras analisis wacana agama, iaitu praktis tauhid, ciri teks, praktis wacana dan praktis sosial. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa kesemua lima belas ciri dalam pendekatan wacana agama al-Qardawi mempunyai padanan dengan salah satu daripada keempat-empat elemen teras analisis wacana agama. Padanan tersebut memperlihatkan hampir terdapat keseimbangan antara elemen linguistik dengan bukan linguistik. Dapatan juga menunjukkan bahawa pendekatan wacana agama al-Qardawi merupakan satu gagasan yang membentuk satu model analisis wacana agama, khususnya dalam linguistik, yang menawarkan interpretasi yang lebih kukuh kepada model analisis wacana agama sedia ada dalam menganalisis isu-isu agama kontemporari.

Religious discourse analysis and globalization: Exploring al-Qardawi’s Approach

Khiṭābunā al-Islāmīy fī `Asr al-`Awlamaṯ (Our Islamic discourse in the globalization era) is al-Qardawi’s views on the impact of globalization and his proposed solutions for the Muslim community. Al-Qardawi’s thoughts are not merely narratives but include various linguistic and non-linguistic elements which form the foundation of a religious discourse. His thoughts are reflective of a religious discourse anchored in Islamic epistemology. What are the fundamental elements of al-Qardawi’s religious discourse? How are ideas shaped and moulded in the discourse? This article aims at (1) identifying the fundamental elements of religious discourse in al-Qardawi’s thoughts, and (2) developing a religious discourse analysis model based on al-Qardawi’s approach. The data of this study comprises fifteen religious discourse features highlighted in Khiṭābunā al-Islāmīy fī `Asr al-`Awlamaṯ. The theoretical framework is based on four fundamental elements of religious discourse analysis, namely, tauhid, texts features, discourse practice and social practice. The findings show that all fifteen features in al-Qardawi’s discursive approach match one of the four fundamental elements of religious discourse analysis. The match reveals that there is almost a balance between the linguistic and non-linguistic elements. The findings also show that al-Qardawi’s religious discourse approach may contribute to the development of a useful discourse analysis model for religious discourse in the field of linguistics. The proposed model could offer better interpretations and complement existing religious discourse analysis models, particularly for the analysis of contemporary religious issues.