Analisis Fiqh Kesetaraan Gender Musdah Mulia

Abstract

Analisis Kesetaraan Gender Musdah Mulia 

 Abstrak

Salah satu gerakan yang dilakukan golongan feminis Muslim adalah dekontruksi hukum-hakam fiqh. Musdah sebagai tokoh feminis liberal Indonesia telah mengkritik fiqh klasik kerana dalam pandangan beliau ada ketidakadilan kepada wanita. Beliau juga mendakwa bahawa fiqh klasik hanya sekadar pentafsiran al-Quran dan Sunnah berdasarkan budaya. Oleh itu, ianya sudah tidak relevan lagi dari sisi hukum, begitu juga metodologi. Musdah menawarkan prinsip-prinsip dasar untuk menghadirkan fiqh kesetaraan gender. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis prinsip-prinsip fiqh kesetaraan gender menurut pandangan Musdah. Kajian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan merujuk bahan-bahan kepustakaan dan berbentuk analisis dokumen. Hasil kajian mendapati, Musdah menetapkan enam prinsip dasar untuk menghadirkan fiqh kesetaraan. Pertama, prinsip kemaslahatan. Kedua, prinsip keadilan dan kesetaraan. Ketiga, prinsip hak asasi manusia. Keempat, prinsip pluralisme. Kelima, prinsip nasionalisme. Manakala yang keenam, prinsip demokrasi. Melalui prinsip-prinsip ini beliau telah melakukan rombakan hukum-hakam Islam. Implikasi kajian ini telah mendedahkan hakikat prinsip-prinsip fiqh kesetaraan yang ditawarkan Musdah. Umat Islam hendaklah memperdalam kaedah-kaedah usul fiqh yang digunakan ulama’ supaya tidak mudah terpesong dari ajaran Islam sebenar.

An Analysis of Gender Equality Fiqh by Musdah Mulia

Abstract

One of the movements of Muslim feminist groups is the deconstruction of fiqh laws. Musdah as an Indonesian liberal feminist has criticized the classical fiqh because in her point of view, there is an injustice to women. She also claimed that the classical fiqh was just a translation of the Quran and the Sunnah based on culture. At this point, the law fiqh is no longer relevant, nor the methodology. Musdah offered basic principles for bringing gender equality fiqh. This study aims to analyze the principles of gender equality fiqh by Musdah. The study uses qualitative methods with reference to library materials and document analysis. The result of the study found that Musdah offered six basic principles to achieve gender equality fiqh. First, the principle of inclusivity. Second, the principles of justice and equality. Third, the principle of human rights. Fourth, the principle of pluralism. Fifth, the principle of nationalism. The sixth is the principle of democracy. Through these principles, she has reformed the Islamic jurisprudence. The implications of this study reveal the essence of the principles of gender equality fiqh offered by Musdah. Muslims should deepen the rules of the classical fiqh applied by Ulama in order to not diverted easily from the true teachings of Islam.