MENYINGKAP PENCEMARAN PARTIKEL TERAMPAI (PM10) DI MALAYSIA (REVEALING OF SUSPENDED PARTICLE POLLUTION (PM10) IN MALAYSIA)
Abstract
Abstrak
Malaysia merupakan salah satu negara yang telah mencapai status negara maju serta memiliki ekonomi yang kompetitif. Namun demikian, arus pemodenan yang pesat serta pembangunan berterusan tanpa mementingkan alam sekitar akan mengakibatkan pencemaran udara khususnya dalam pelepasan partikel terampai (PM10) ke atmosfera. PM10 ialah partikel halus yang mempunyai diameter 10 mikrometer atau kurang dan dikelaskan sebagai salah satu bahan pencemar udara dalam Standard Kualiti Udara Ambien Malaysia (MAAQS). Kawasan perindustrian merupakan salah satu penyebab kepada peningkatan konsentrasi PM10 sehingga mencecah 58 μg/m3 setahun melebihi nilai yang ditetapkan dalam MAAQS. Malah, kawasan bandar turut menunjukkan konsentrasi PM10 melebihi piawaian yang ditetapkan oleh Jabatan Alam Sekitar (JAS) iaitu sebanyak 57 μg/m3 yang disumbangkan oleh faktor-faktor antropogenik serta bilangan kenderaan yang semakin meningkat. Tidak dinafikan bahawa peningkatan konsentrasi PM10 akan mengakibatkan kemerosotan kualiti udara serta membahayakan kesihatan manusia.Â
Kata kunci: Partikel terampai, PM10, bahan pencemar udara, MAAQSÂ
AbstractÂ
Malaysia is one of the advanced countries in the world with a competitive economy profile. However, rapid urbanization and continuous development without regard to the environment will result in air pollution especially in the releasing of particulate matter (PM10) into the atmosphere. PM10 is a fine particle with a diameter of 10 micrometers or less and classified as one of the air pollutants in the Malaysian Ambient Air Quality Standards (MAAQS). Industrial areas are one of the reasons that cause the increase of PM10 concentration up to 58 μg/m3 per year exceeds the values outlined in the MAAQS. Urban areas also showed PM10 concentration above the standard set by the Department of Environment (DOE) of 57 μg/m3 caused by anthropogenic factors and the increasing number of vehicles. There is no doubt that the increase of PM10 concentration will result in deterioration of air quality and endanger human health.Â
Keywords: Suspended particles, PM10, air pollutants, MAAQS.References
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