KEDUDUKAN DAN KEWENANGAN KOMISI YUDISIAL REPUBLIK INDONESIA DAN PERBANDINGANNYA DENGAN KOMISI YUDISIAL SWEDIA (THE STANDING AND AUTHORITY OF THE JUDICIARY COMMITEE OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA IN COMPARISON WITH ITS COUNTERPART IN SWEDEN)

Abstract

Abstrak

Reformasi telah melahirkan amandemen UUD 1945, salah satu hasil amandemen  UUD 1945 adalah lahirnya Komisi Yudisial (KY). Pasal 24B ayat (1) UUD 1945 menyebutkan Komisi Yudisial bersifat mandiri yang berwenang mengusulkan pengangkatan hakim agung dan mempunyai wewenang lain dalam rangka menjaga dan menegakkan kehormatan, keluhuran martabat serta perilaku hakim.  Sebagai tindak lanjut Pasal 24B UUD 1945, maka terbitlah UU No. 22 Tahun 2004 tentang Komisi Yudisial yang kemudian diubah dengan UU No. 18 Tahun 2011. Kedudukan Komisi Yudisial sangat penting, sehingga secara struktural kedudukannya diposisikan sederajat dengan Mahkamah Agung dan Mahkamah Konstitusi. Namun demikian  secara fungsional perannya bersifat penunjang terhadap lembaga kekuasaan kehakiman. Komisi Yudisial meskipun fungsinya terkait dengan kekuasaan kehakiman tetapi bukan  pelaku kekuasaan kehakiman, melainkan lembaga penegak norma etik. Selain itu Komisi Yudisial juga tidak terlibat dalam hal organisasi, personalia, administrasi dan keuangan para hakim. Hal ini berbeda dengan Komisi Yudisial yang ada di negara Eropa misalnya Swedia. Komisi Yudisial di Swedia (Domstolsverket)  memiliki kewenangan  pada area kebijakan teknis dan pembuatan kebijakan pada bidang peradilan. Komisi Yudisial Swedia dan di Eropa pada umumnya mempunyai kewenangan dalam hal mengelola organisasi, anggaran dan administrasi peradilan termasuk dalam melakukan promosi, mutasi, rekruitmen dan memberikan sanksi terhadap hakim. Mahkamah Agung hanya fokus melaksanakan fungsi peradilan yaitu mengadili dan tidak mengurusi masalah administrasi dan organisasi peradilan.

Kata Kunci : Kewenangan, Komisi Yudisial, Indonesia, Swedia

 

Abstract

One of the results of the ammandment of the 1945 Constitution was the birth of the Judiciary Committee. Article 24B (1) of the 1945 Constitution stipulates that the Judiciary Committee is an independent entity that has the authority to propose the appointment of the supreme court judges as well as guarding and upholding the honor, nobility, and behavior of the judges. To give more details on the implementation of the Article 24B of the 1945 Constitution, Law No. 22 of 2004, which later will bechanged with the Law No. 18 of 2011 on the Judiciary Committee, was issued. The standing of the Judiciary Commitee is important, thus structurally it wascreated on the same level with the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court.Even so, the nature of the Judiciary Committee is an auxiliary to the judiciary bodies.Even if the function of the Judiciary Committee is related with Judiciary power, yet it is not the actor of the Judiciary power, but an institution to uphold the code of ethics. Aside from that, the Judiciary Committee is not involved in the organization, human resources, administration, and financial matters of the judges. This is different with the similar committees in the Europe, i.e. Sweden. The Sweden Council for Judiciary has the authority in the technical field as well as the policy making in the judiciary bodies. The judciary committees of the Sweden and Europe in general has the authority in the management of the organization, budgeting, and administration of the courts, including on promotion, rotation, recruitment, and the giving of a sanction to the judges. The Supreme Court itself focuses on the trial conduct, and does not handles the administration and the organization of the court

Keywords: Authority, Judiciary Committee, Indonesia, Sweden