PENGGUNAAN VAKSIN ERA KOLONIAL DI SELANGOR (THE USE OF COLONIAL ERA VACCINE IN SELANGOR)

Abstract

Abstrak 

Selangor merupakan antara negeri yang menghadapi masalah penyebaran wabak kolera, malaria, rabies, influenza, small-pox, flu dan polio yang berbahaya. Walau bagaimanapun, penggunaan vaksin telah berjaya mengatasi masalah penyebaran wabak tersebut. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif yang melibatkan analisis dokuman dan manuskip. Dokuman Primer digunakan seperti Annual Report, Health Department Report, Federated Malay State File dan Medical Research Institute. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan penggunaan vaksin dari Amerika Syarikat telah digunakan di Tanah Melayu pada era kolonial British. Vaksin telah digunakan secara meluas dalam menangani wabak penyakit berjangkit di Selangor seperti vaksin polio, Tuberculin Solusion, Cholera vaccine, dan Vaccine Lymph Rabies. Sehubungan itu, terdapat usaha penghantaran vaksin dari Selangor ke negeri-negeri lain di Tanah Melayu. Kepentingan penggunaan vaksin mampu menghalang wabak penyakit berjangkit di Selangor. Dalam usaha mencegah penularan wabak penyakit berjangkit ini terdapat dua golongan masyarakat iaitu yang menerima vaksin dan golongan yang menentang vaksin. Kesimpulannya, penggunaan dan penerimaan vaksin dalam kalangan masyarakat semakin meningkat apabila masyarakat mempunyai pengetahuan tentang sains dan teknologi yang membuktikan bahawa kepentingan perubatan moden seperti vaksin adalah selamat digunakan. 

Kata kunxi: Wabak, Tanah Melayu, penyakit berjangkit, masyarakat

 

Abstract 

Selangor is one of the states facing difficulties against the spread of epidemic diseases such as cholera, malaria, rabies, influenza, smallpox, flu, and dangerous polio. However, the use of vaccines has proven successful in overcoming the problem and stopping the disease from spreading. This study employs the qualitative method which involves analyzing documents and manuscripts. Primary documents used for this study consists of Annual Report, Health Department Report, and Federated Malay State Files and Medical Research Institute. Findings show that Malaysia had been using vaccine from the United States during the British colonial era. The vaccines had been used widely in Selangor to treat infectious diseases such as Polio Vaccine, Tuberculin Solution, Cholera Vaccine, and Lymph Rabies Vaccine. In addition to this, Selangor also initiated efforts to deliver the vaccine to other states in Malaya. As the study shows, the use of vaccines is crucial as they can prevent the spread of infectious diseases in Selangor. However, in the struggle to prevent the spread of infectious epidemics, two groups of people exists in the society, namely ones who receive the vaccine and those who oppose it. To conclude, the use and acceptance of vaccines in the society are increasing as they are knowledgable in science and technology which proves that modern medicine such as vaccines are of importance and safe to use. 

Keywords: Pendemic, Malaya, contagious disease, society