IMPAK TABURAN PARTIKEL TERAMPAI (PM10 dan PM2.5) TERHADAP SUHU KAWASAN BANDAR DAN PINGGIR BANDAR DI IPOH, PERAK

THE IMPACT OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF SUSPENDED PARTICLES (PM10 and PM2.5) ON THE TEMPERATURE OF URBAN AND SUBURBAN AREAS IN IPOH, PERAK

Abstract

Pencemaran partikel terampai (PM₁₀ dan PM_2.5) di Ipoh adalah berpunca dari industri simen, kuari dan kawasan perindustrian berpusat. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk melihat impak taburan konsentrasi partikel terampai terhadap suhu di kawasan bandar dan pinggir bandar dengan memperoleh data primer melalui kaedah persampelan lapangan di Ipoh. Kaedah persampelan di lapangan untuk data partikel terampai dilakukan dengan menggunakan Model 164 GRIMM dust indicator untuk mendapatkan kepekatan taburan konsentrasi PM10 dalam kawasan pusat bandar dan pinggir bandar di Ipoh. Manakala bagi pencerapan suhu menggunakan Windmate Hydrometer TM dan Whirling Hygrometer.Dapatan data menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang positif dimana peningkatan partikel terampai menunjukkan peningkatan suhu terutamanya bagi Stesen 10 iaitu kawasan kilang simen Tasek dengan bacaan (PM₁₀ = 213.7 ug/m3 dan PM_2.5 = 121.3 ug/m3) dimana bacaan suhu adalah 34.9°C, dan Stesen 1 iaitu kawasan Kilang Simen Khantan dengan bacaan (PM₁₀ = 231.7 ug/m3 dan PM_2.5 = 146.3 ug/m3) dimana bacaan suhu adalah 31.5 °C. Walau bagaimanapun, cerapan harian tertinggi bagi PM₁₀ dan PM_2.5 adalah 329.3 ug/m3 dan 247.7 ug/m3. Secara keseluruhannya, didapati kesan perubahan kandungan bahan percemar yang diakibatkan oleh pencemaran PM₁₀ dan PM_2.5 di Ipoh yang mana meningkat suhu sekitar dan boleh menyebabkan kesan yang pelbagai.

Kata kunci: Pencemaran udara, partikel terampai, suhu, PM₁₀ dan PM_2.5, Korerasi Spearman

Abstract 

Suspended particle pollution (PM₁₀ and PM_2.5) in Ipoh is caused by the cement industry, quarries and centralized industrial areas. This study was conducted to see the impact of suspended particle concentration distribution on temperature in urban and suburban areas by obtaining primary data through field sampling methods in Ipoh. Field sampling method for suspended particle data is done by using Model 164 GRIMM dust indicator to obtain the PM₁₀ concentration distribution in the city center and suburbs in Ipoh. While for the observation of temperature using Windmate Hydrometer TM and Whirling Hygrometer. The data shows that there is a positive relationship where the increase in suspended particles shows an increase in temperature especially for Station 10 which is the Tasek cement factory area with readings (PM₁₀ = 213.7 ug/m3 and PM_2.5 = 121.3 ug/m3) where the temperature reading is 34.9°C, and Station 1 which is the Khantan Cement Factory area with a reading (PM₁₀ = 231.7 ug/m3 and PM_2.5 = 146.3 ug/m3) where the temperature reading is 31.5 °C. However, the highest daily observations for PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 are 329.3 ug/m3 and 247.7 ug/m3. Overall, it was found that the effect of changes in the content of pollutants caused by PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 pollution in Ipoh increased the ambient temperature and could cause various effects. 

Keywords:  Air pollution, suspended particles, temperature, PM₁₀ and PM_2.5, Correlation Spearman