PERKEMBANGAN PERLOMBONGAN BIJIH TIMAH ERA KOLONIAL BRITISH DAN KESANNYA DI SELANGOR, 1901-1951

BRITISH COLONIAL ERA TIN MINING DEVELOPMENT AND ITS IMPACT IN SELANGOR, 1901-1951

Abstract

Artikel ini memfokuskan tentang perkembangan perlombongan bijih timah di Selangor dari tahun 1901 sehingga 1951. Objektif artikel ini adalah untuk membincangkan kegiatan perlombongan bijih timah semasa era kolonial British yang telah merubah sektor ini sehingga berjaya meningkatkan pendapatan negeri Selangor. Di samping itu, penulisan ini juga turut membincangkan kesan perlombongan bijih timah terhadap perkembangan sosioekonomi di negeri Selangor sepanjang tempoh tersebut. Penulisan artikel ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dengan merujuk sumber primer dari Arkib Negara Malaysia seperti fail dan dokumen yang diperoleh semasa di bawah Pentadbiran British, sementara sumber sekunder pula diperoleh dengan merujuk buku dan jurnal di Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur), Perbadanan Perpustakaan Awam (Shah Alam), Perpustakaan Tun Seri Lanang (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia) dan Perpustakaan Tuanku Bainun (Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris). Hasil kajian mendapati perkembangan perlombongan bijih timah telah membawa manfaat kepada negeri Selangor kerana menjadi pengeluar utama di pasaran dunia. Perkembangan bijih timah turut membawa kepada peralihan penggunaan kaedah perlombongan dan perubahan perhubungan serta pengangkutan bagi membangunkan kemudahan infrastruktur negeri Selangor. Walau bagaimanapun, perkembangan bijih timah telah menimbulkan konflik sehingga menjejaskan pengeluaran bijih timah. Kesimpulannya, kekayaan bijih timah telah mendorong perkembangan perlombongan bijih timah untuk mendorong keterlibatan orang Cina dalam kegiatan perlombongan di Selangor sehingga memberikan pelbagai kesan terhadap sosioekonomi negeri Selangor.

Kata kunci: Selangor, Kolonial British, orang Cina, bijih timah, Perlombongan

Abstract 

This article focuses on the development of tin mining in Selangor from 1901 to 1951. The objective of this article is to discuss the activities of tin mining during the British colonial era which has changed this sector and successfully increased the income of the state of Selangor. In addition, this writing also discusses the impact of tin mining on socioeconomic development in the state of Selangor throughout the period. The writing of this article uses a qualitative method by referring to primary sources from the National Archives of Malaysia such as files and documents obtained while under the British Administration, while secondary sources are obtained by referring to books and journals in the National Library of Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur), Public Library Corporation (Shah Alam), Tun Seri Lanang Library (National University of Malaysia) and Tuanku Bainun Library (Sultan Idris University of Education). The results of the study found that the development of tin mining has brought benefits to the state of Selangor because it is a major producer in the world market. The development of tin also led to a shift in the use of mining methods and changes in communication and transportation to develop infrastructure facilities in the state of Selangor. However, the development of tin ore has created conflicts that affect the production of tin ore. In conclusion, the wealth of tin has encouraged the development of tin mining to encourage the involvement of the Chinese in mining activities in Selangor so that it has various socio-economic effects on the state of Selangor. 

Keywords:  Selangor, British Colonials, Chinese, tin, mining