A TESTAMENT TO THE GREATNESS OF TRADITIONAL MARINE TECHNOLOGY: AN INTRODUCTION TO PERAHU BESAR TERENGGANU
(SATU PERJANJIAN KEHEBATAN TEKNOLOGI LAUT TRADISIONAL: PENGENALAN KEPADA PERAHU BESAR TERENGGANU)
Abstract
Abstract
The settlement of the Japanese in Malaysia has had several impacts, including on Malay heritage, particularly the endangered maritime heritage Perahu Besar Terengganu. Currently, only two units of Perahu Besar Terengganu are left, underscoring the urgent need to preserve this significant Malay heritage. Perahu Besar Terengganu played crucial roles not just in commerce but also in international relations, serving as a mode of transportation for people and festivals during times of war. This study aims to shed light on the different types of Perahu Besar Terengganu and their evolution. Aligned to achieve Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11, this study seeks to support the SDG 17 by fostering collaboration among several institutions including the Ministry of Higher Education, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Universiti Teknologi Mara Seremban, Politeknik Ungku Omar, Terengganu State Museum, and the Royal Terengganu Institute for Historical and Legal Studies. The methodology used is a qualitative approach. Data was collected through document reviews and in-depth interviews, involving historians and experienced boatbuilders from Kuala Terengganu. The study has revealed four types of Perahu Besar Terengganu which is Perahu Besar Dogol, Perahu Besar Anak Bedar, Perahu Besar Pinis Dogol and Perahu Besar Pinis Gobel. The evolution of these four types of Perahu Besar originated with Perahu Besar Dogol. The type of Perahu Besar is identified based on the unique characteristics of its stern and hull shape. Despite variations in aesthetics, the functions and other components of these Perahu Besar Terengganu remain consistent. These differences reflect the embodiment of human wisdom, external influences, and the creative skills of the boatbuilders. The recommendation of this study is to explore the specific components of Perahu Besar Terengganu, which will contribute further to our understanding of this remarkable heritage.
Keywords: Perahu Besar Terengganu; Malay heritage; types and evolution; traditional watercraft; tangible heritage object.
Abstrak
Penempatan Jepun di Malaysia telah memberi beberapa kesan antaranya terhadap warisan Melayu khususnya warisan maritim Perahu Besar Terengganu yang semakin terancam. Pada masa ini, hanya dua unit Perahu Besar Terengganu yang tinggal, menekankan keperluan mendesak untuk mengekalkan warisan Melayu yang penting ini. Perahu Besar Terengganu memainkan peranan penting bukan sahaja dalam perdagangan tetapi juga dalam hubungan antarabangsa, berfungsi sebagai pengangkutan orang ramai dan perayaan semasa perang. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk memberi penerangan tentang pelbagai jenis Perahu Besar Terengganu dan evolusinya. Diselaraskan untuk mencapai Matlamat Pembangunan Mampan (SDG) 11, kajian ini cuba menyokong SDG 17 dengan memupuk kerjasama dalam kalangan beberapa institusi termasuk Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Universiti Teknologi Mara Seremban, Politeknik Ungku Omar, Muzium Negeri Terengganu dan Institut Kajian Sejarah dan Perundangan Diraja Terengganu. Metodologi yang digunakan ialah pendekatan kualitatif. Data dikumpul melalui semakan dokumen dan temu bual mendalam, melibatkan ahli sejarah dan pembuat bot berpengalaman dari Kuala Terengganu. Kajian telah mendedahkan empat jenis Perahu Besar Terengganu iaitu Perahu Besar Dogol, Perahu Besar Anak Bedar, Perahu Besar Pinis Dogol dan Perahu Besar Pinis Gobel. Evolusi empat jenis Perahu Besar ini berasal daripada Perahu Besar Dogol. Jenis Perahu Besar dikenal pasti berdasarkan keunikan bentuk buritan dan badan kapalnya. Walaupun terdapat variasi dalam estetika, fungsi dan komponen lain Perahu Besar Terengganu ini tetap konsisten. Perbezaan ini mencerminkan penjelmaan kebijaksanaan manusia, pengaruh luaran dan kemahiran kreatif para pembuat bot. Cadangan kajian ini adalah untuk meneroka komponen khusus Perahu Besar Terengganu, yang akan menyumbang lebih lanjut kepada pemahaman kita tentang warisan yang luar biasa ini.
Kata kunci: Perahu Besar Terengganu; warisan Melayu; jenis dan evolusi; perahu tradisional; objek warisan ketara.
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