LUKISAN GUA DI GUA KELEW, KELANTAN SEBAGAI MEDIA KOMUNIKASI MASYARAKAT PRASEJARAH (CAVE PAINTING IN GUA KELEW, KELANTAN AS THE MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS OF THE PREHISTORIC COMMUNITY)

Abstract

Abstrak

Di Kelantan terdapat beberapa tapak lukisan dinding gua batu kapur yang telah ditemui namun ia kurang diketahui oleh umum. Lukisan gua ini mungkin dilukis oleh masyarakat yang pernah menghuni gua-gua batu kapur suatu ketika dahulu seperti masyarakat prasejarah khususnya mahupun masyarakat Orang Asli Temiar dari kumpulan etnik senoi. Terdapat tiga teknik dalam menghasilkan lukisan gua iaitu teknik petroglif, piktograf dan hand stencil. Kebanyakan lukisan gua di Kelantan mempunyai kesan peninggalan monokromatik daripada bahan arang yang berwarna hitam seperti yang terdapat di Gua Batu Cincin, Hulu Kelatan. Imej-imej yang sering kali ditemui antaranya terdiri daripada imej figura, flora dan fauna, geometrik serta imej abstrak yang dilukis pada permukaan dinding gua batu kapur. Keindahan dan kehalusan yang dapat dilihat melalui lukisan gua ini jelas mengambarkan kewujudan unsur-unsur budaya dan intelektualisme masyarakat zaman dahulu. Melalui penyelidikan dan ekskavasi arkeologi yang dijalankan di Hulu Kelantan telah menjumpai penemuan baru lukisan gua seperti di Gua Lubang Kelawar, Gua Kecil Batu Tambah serta Gua Kelew yang menunjukkan bahawa gua ini telah digunakan oleh masyarakat Neolitik dan Orang Asli. Hal ini menunjukkan bahawa masyarakat zaman dahulu mempunyai idea yang baik dalam mengekspresikan aktiviti harian mereka seperti memburu, mengumpul makanan dan upacara ritual ke dalam bentuk lukisan gua.

Kata kunci: prasejarah, gua batu kapur, lukisan gua, motif, teknik

 

Abstract

In Kelantan there are some limestone cave wall paintings that have been found but they are less known to the public. This cave painting may be painted by people who once inhabited limestone caves long time ago as prehistoric society, especially indigenous people from ethnic Senoi. There are three techniques in producing cave paintings, petroglyphs, pectograph and hand stencil. Most of the cave paintings in Kelantan have the monocromatic abandonment of the black charcoal material as found in the Batu Cincin Cave, Hulu Kelantan. The images are often found among them are images of figure, flora and fauna, geometric and abstract images drawn on the surfaces of limestone cave walls. The beauty and fineness that can be seen through this cave painting clearly illustrates the existence of cultural elements and intellectuals of ancient times. Through archaeological research and excavations conducted in Hulu Kelantan, it has discovered new cave drawings such as Gua Lubang Kelawar, Gua Kecil Batu Tambah and Gua Kelew which indicate that this cave was used by Neolithic and Indigenous people. This shows that old people have a good idea in expressing their daily activities such as hunting, gathering food and ritual ceremonies into the form of cave paintings.

Key words: prehistoric, limestone cave, cave painting, motif, techique