KEBERKESANAN PEMBELAJARAN BERASASKAN MASALAH TERHADAP PENCAPAIAN DAN KEMAHIRAN BERFIKIR ARAS TINGGI PELAJAR DALAM PENULISAN KARANGAN BAHASA MELAYU (The Effectiveness of Problem Based Learning on Achievement and Students Higher Order Thinking Skills in Malay Language Essay Writing)

Abstract

Abstrak: Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti keberkesanan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah  (PBM) bagi mata pelajaran Bahasa Melayu tingkatan 3. Kajian memberikan fokus kepada pencapaian pelajar dalam ujian, kemahiran berfikir kritikal, kemahiran menyelesaikan masalah, kemahiran membuat keputusan dan kemahiran menaakul. Kajian dilaksanakan secara eksperimen menggunakan reka bentuk kumpulan kawalan ujian pra dan ujian pos (pre-test post-test control group design). Subjek kajian terdiri daripada 54 orang pelajar tingkatan 3 sebuah sekolah menengah kebangsaan agama di negeri Melaka. Seramai 28 orang pelajar daripada satu kelas tingkatan 3 dijadikan kumpulan kawalan yang menerima pengajaran dan pembelajaran (P&P) konvensional, manakala satu lagi kelas tingkatan 3 seramai 26 orang pelajar dari sekolah yang sama dijadikan kumpulan eksperimen yang menerima pendekatan PBM. Sebanyak lapan hipotesis nul telah dikemukakan. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan inferensi. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan, daripada lapan hipotesis nul yang dikemukakan, dua hipotesis nul telah diterima dan enam pula ditolak. Penerimaan hipotesis nul menunjukkan bahawa tidak terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan dalam pencapaian  bagi ujian pra untuk kedua-dua kumpulan kawalan dan rawatan pada peringkat awal. Penolakan hipotesis nul pula menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan markah dalam pencapaian ujian pra dan pos bagi kedua-dua kumpulan eksperimen dan kawalan. Implikasi kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa P&P menggunakan PBM berkesan kerana dapat meningkatkan pencapaian pelajar dalam karangan Bahasa Melayu dan sekali gus meningkatkan KBAT pelajar.

Kata kunci: Pembelajaran berasaskan masalah, kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi, penulisan karangan, mata pelajaran Bahasa Melayu

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to look at the effectiveness of Problem Based Learning (PBL) towards achievement and Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) students in Malay writing. This study fokus on critical thinking skills, problem solving skills, decision making skills and reasoning skills. This study uses the pre-test post-test control group design. The subjects were 54 students from two classes of form 3 in sekolah menengah kebangsaan agama, Melaka. 28 students participated as the treatment group where teaching and learning process was held in a classroom. The other 26 students identified as the experiment group were taught using PBL. There were eight hypotheses presented. The inference statistic used t-test to assess the hypotheses and to answer the questions that arise in the study. The findings showed that two null hypotheses were accepted. However, the other six hypotheses were rejected. Acceptance of the null hypothesis indicates that there was no significant difference in the achievement of pre-test for both the control group and treatment at an early stage. Rejection null hypothesis suggests that there are differences in the achievement of pre and post test for both the experimental and control groups. The implications of this study showed that the teaching and learning uses PBM effective because it can improve student achievement in writing Malay Language simultaneously improve student HOTS

Keywords: Problem based learning, higher order thinking skill, essay writing, Malay Language subject