TAHAP KEYAKINAN DIRI BEKAS PENAGIH DADAH DALAM PENGAWASAN DI MALAYSIA: KE ARAH KEPULIHAN MENYELURUH (SELF-ESTEEM AMONG FORMER DRUG ADDICTS UNDER OBSERVATION IN MALAYSIA: TOWARDS A COMPREHENSIVE RECOVERY)

Salina Nen, Fauziah Ibrahim, Ezarina Zakaria, Mohd Norahim Mohamed Sani, Nor Jana Saim

Abstract


Kepulihan bekas penagih dadah dipengaruhi oleh dua faktor utama iaitu faktor dalaman (seperti ketahanan diri dan keyakinan diri) dan luaran (sokongan keluarga, majikan, rakan-rakan, dan masyarakat). Salah satu faktor dalaman yang didapati mempengaruhi tahap kepulihan bekas penagih dadah ialah keyakinan diri. Oleh itu kajian ini adalah bertujuan untuk mengukur tahap perbandingan keyakinan diri bekas penagih dadah dalam pengawasan atau juga dikenali sebagai Orang Kena Pengawasan (OKP) yang menjalani pemulihan dalam tempoh 6-11 bulan dan yang menjalani pembebasan antara 12-24 bulan. Kajian ini dijalankan dengan menggunakan reka bentuk kuantitatif tinjauan keratan lintang. Seramai 386 bekas penagih dadah di Semenanjung Malaysia terlibat dalam kajian ini iaitu seramai 189 orang responden yang menjalani program penyingkatan dalam tempoh 6-11 bulan dan 197 orang pula merupakan klien yang telah menjalani pembebasan antara 12-24 bulan. Data yang diperolehi kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan ujian deskriptif. Analisis ini digunakan untuk mengukur perbandingan tahap keyakinan diri antara responden yang menjalani program penyingkatan tempoh 6-11 bulan (Kumpulan 1) dan 12-24 bulan (Kumpulan 2). Hasil kajian mendapati majoriti kedua-dua kumpulan ini tidak menunjukkan tahap perbezaan kepulihan yang ketara dari aspek keyakinan diri. Kajian ini juga mendapati majoriti responden kedua-dua kumpulan menunjukkan tahap keyakinan diri yang sederhana iaitu 58.5 peratus. Bagaimanapun Kumpulan 1 menunjukkan peratusan keyakinan diri yang tinggi (63.5%)  berbanding Kumpulan 2 iaitu (53.8%). Hasil kajian memberi implikasi ke arah strategi pembentukan keyakinan diri yang kukuh dalam kalangan bekas penagih untuk mengurangkan kadar residivis di Malaysia.

Recovering drug addict is affected by two main factors, namely internal factors (such as resilience and self-confidence) and external (support from families, employers, friends, and community). One of the internal factors that appear to influence the level of recovery of former drug addict is self-confidence. Therefore this study aims to measure the level of self-confidence among former drug addicts, also known as Orang Kena Pengawasan (OKP) who underwent rehabilitation in 6-11 months and 12-24 months. The study was conducted using cross-sectional surveys. A total of 386 former drug addicts in Peninsular Malaysia were involved in this study  with 198 respondents undergoing 6-11 months rehabilitation programme and 197 were respondents who were released within 12-24 months. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics. This analysis was used to measure the level of self-confidence between respondents who underwent the 6-11 months rehabilitation programme (Group 1) and 12-24 months (Group 2). The study found that the majority of both groups showed no signiticant difference in the level of recovery from the aspect of self-confidence. The study also found the majority of respondents of both groups showed a moderate level of confidence of 58.5 percent. However, Group 1 showed a higher percentage of self-confidence (63.5%) compared to Group 2 of (53.8%). The findings have implications for the development of strategies towards a strong self-confidence among the inmates to reduce recidivism rates in Malaysia.

 


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