SOKONGAN SOSIAL SEBAGAI PENGANTARA PENGARUH OPTIMISTIK KE ATAS KEBAHAGIAAN REMAJA DI PENGAJIAN TINGGI (SOCIAL SUPPORT AS A MEDIATOR OF THE INFLUENCE OF OPTIMISM TOWARDS HAPPINESS AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN HIGHER EDUCATION)
Abstract
Kebahagiaan merupakan matlamat hidup yang wujud secara semula jadi bagi setiap manusia. Setiap manusia berusaha mencari kebahagiaan kerana ia menjelaskan kehidupan yang baik. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh ke atas kebahagiaan menggunakan kekuatan psikologikal positif dalaman diri, iaitu optimistik. Sokongan sosial dimanfaatkan sebagai kualiti bersifat luaran sebagai menyokong pengaruh optimistik ke atas kebahagiaan. Kajian dijalankan ke atas 436 golongan remaja di pengajian tinggi, yang berumur antara 18 hingga 25 tahun. Kajian kuantitatif menggunakan set soal selidik untuk mendapatkan data, iaitu Extended Life Orientation Test bagi mengukur optimistik, Inventory of Socially Supportive Behavior Short Form mengukur sokongan sosial, dan Oxford Happiness Questionnaire mengukur kebahagiaan remaja. Secara deskriptif, remaja di pengajian tinggi menunjukkan optimistik yang tinggi (Min=3.77, S.P=.62), manakala sokongan sosial yang sederhana bagi ketiga-tiga bentuk sokongan, iaitu sokongan bimbingan (Min=3.07, S.P=.81), sokongan emosi (Min=3.17, S.P=.99) dan sokongan ketara (Min=2.82, S.P=.95). Remaja di pengajian tinggi melaporkan mempunyai tahap kebahagiaan yang sederhana (Min=3.39, S.P=.92). Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa sokongan sosial berbentuk bimbingan dan emosi bertindak sebagai pengantara dalam pengaruh optimistik ke atas kebahagiaan remaja di pengajian tinggi. Sokongan sosial berbentuk ketara tidak memainkan sebarang peranan. Implikasi kajian adalah kepada golongan remaja bahawa walaupun sikap positif optimistik dapat meningkatkan kebahagiaan mereka, namun sokongan daripada individu signifikan secara bimbingan dan emosi dapat mengukuhkan lagi pengaruh tersebut.
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