HUBUNGAN ANTARA KESUNYIAN DAN SOKONGAN SOSIAL TERHADAP KEMURUNGAN DALAM KALANGAN WANITA HAMIL TANPA NIKAH (RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN LONELINESS AND SOCIAL SUPPORT TOWARDS DEPRESSION AMONG UNWED FEMALES)

Rohany Nasir, Zainah Ahmad Zamani, Rozainee Khairudin, Wan Shahrazad Wan Sulaiman, Mohd Norahim Mohd Sani, Aizan Sofia Amin

Abstract


Kehamilan tanpa nikah menunjukkan peratusan yang meningkat secara mendadak saban tahuan. Hal ini perlu di ambil perhatian yang serius oleh pihak berwajib kerana mampu memberi kesan negatif dari segi psikologi yang mana akhirnya boleh menjejaskan modal insan negara. Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti faktor kemurungan, kesunyian dan sokongan sosial dalam kalangan wanita hamil tanpa nikah. Kajian menggunakan kaedah kuantitatif dengan mengedar soal selidik kepada responden. Seramai 215 orang wanita hamil tanpa nikah yang terlibat di seluruh Malaysia bagi kajian ini. Hasil kajian menunjukkan tahap kemurungan, kesunyian dan sokongan sosial responden berada pada tahap sederhana. Kajian mendapati terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kemurungan dan kesunyian (r= .500, k<0.05), tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kemurungan dan sokongan sosial. Akan tetapi, terdapat hubungan yang negatif dan signifikan antara kesunyian dan sokongan sosial (r=-.164, k<0.05). Hasil Ujian Regresi Linear menunjukkan faktor peramal bagi kemurungan adalah kesunyian (R²=26.6, F(2,212) = 37.549, k<0.05) yang meramal secara signifikan berbanding sokongan sosial (β=.111, k>0.05). Hasil kajian mendapati individu yang kesunyian lebih cenderung untuk mengalami kemurungan dalam diri. Selain itu, individu yang mempunyai sokongan sosial yang kurang baik daripada keluarga, rakan-rakan dan juga sekeliling lebih cenderung untuk mengalami kesunyian yang lebih serius. Oleh itu, sokongan sosial yang baik daripada sekeliling mampu untuk mengelakkan wanita hamil tanpa nikah cenderung mengalami kesunyian serta kemurungan selain pelbagai program intervensi yang telah disediakan oleh pihak berkuasa.

Percentage of pregnancy before marriage increases dramatically every year. This needs to be taken seriously by the authorities due to a negative impact in terms of psychology, which may ultimately affect the country's human capital. This study aims to identify factors of depression, loneliness and social support among women who got pregnant before marriage. The study uses quantitative methods to distribute the questionnaire to respondents. A total of 215 pregnant women before marriage were involved in this study. The results showed that levels of depression, loneliness and social support were at a moderate level. The study found a significant relationship between depression and loneliness (r = .500, p <0.05), there was no significant relationship between depression and social support. However, there is a negative and significant relationship between loneliness and social support (r = -.164, p <0.05). Linear Regression Test results show the predictive factors for depression is loneliness (R ² = 26.6, F (2,212) = 37,549, p <0.05), which predicts significantly more compared to social support (β = .111, r> 0.05). The results showed that lonely people are more likely to suffer from depression. In addition, individuals with poor social support from family, friends and also people around them are more likely to suffer more serious loneliness. Therefore, a good social support is able to prevent women who got pregnant before marriage to experience loneliness and depression.
Keywords: depression, loneliness, social support, unwed pregnant mother


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