Mengukur Tekanan dan Jenis Mekanisme Penyelesaian Masalah dalam Kalangan Pelajar Universiti (Measuring Stress and Types Of Problem Solving Mechanism Among University Students)
Abstract
Excessive levels of academic stress can cause an increased prevalence of health, psychological and social problems. Nonetheless, individuals act differently to stressful situations. This study aims to identify the level of stress and the types of problem solving mechanisms among students in a public university. A quantitative cross-sectional survey was carried out. A total of 100 undergraduate students from the National University of Malaysia, aged between 20 and 27, were selected to participate in the survey. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics. The results demonstrate that majority of participants reported a high level of stress (60%). Furthermore, participant reported eight types of problem solving mechanisms. The ‘cognitive structuring’ and ‘spritual hope’ mechanisms reported the highest mean of 3.32, meanwhile, the ‘self-criticism’ mechanism reported the lowest mean of 1.7. The findings of the study has implications for policy development. It highlights the need for programs that strengthen problem solving among students, including mentor-mentee programme. Also, the administration has to play an important role in reducing stress level among students in the university.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Ana, P.A, Maria, J.S, Ana M.P, Ana T.P, Nuno, M, Sandra, C.B, Mariana M, Carolina, R & Amtonio, M. (2017). Sleep difficulties in college students: The role of stress, affect and cognitive processes. Psychiatry Research, Vol (260), 331-337.
Almojali, A.I, Almalki, S.A, Alothan, A.S, Masuadi, E, M & Alageel, M.K. (2017). The prevalence and association of stress with sleep quality among medical students. J Epidemiol Glob Health, 7(3), 169-174.
Agolla, J. & Ongori, H. (2009). An assessment of academic stress among undergraduate students: The case of University of Botswana. Educational Research and Review, 4(2), 60-70.
Auerbach, R. P., Alonso, J., Axinn, W., Cuijpers, P., Ebert, D., Green, J., Mortier, P. (2016). Mental disorders among college students in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys. Psychological Medicine, 46(14): 2955- 2970.
Bruffaerts, R., Mortier, P., Kiekens, G., Auerbach, R. P., Cuijpers, P., Demyttenaere, K., Kessler, R. C. (2018). Mental health problems in college freshmen: Prevalence and academic functioning. Journal of Affective Disorders, 225(1): 97-103.
Chua, Y.P. (2011) Kaedah dan statistik Penyelidikan: Kaedah Penyelidikan. Mcgraw-Hill Education.
Campbell, R.L. and Svenson, L.W. (1992). Perceived Level of Stress Among University Undergraduate Students in Edmonton, Canada. Perceptual & Motor Skills 75: 552-554.
Deshira D. Wallace, Marcella H. Boynton & Leslie A. Lytle. (2017) Multilevel analysis exploring the links between stress, depression, and sleep problems among two-year college students, Journal of American College Health, 65:3, 187-196.
Fauziah Ibrahim, Ezarina Zakaria, Salinan Nen, Norulhuda Sarnon & Siti Mariam Mursidan. (2016). Kecenderungan relaps dan kejayaan mengekalkan kepulihan dalam kalangan penghuni yang tamat mengikuti rawatan dan pemulihan di Cure & Care Rehabilitation Centre. Kajang: Selangor.
Ferlis, B., Balan, R. & Rosnah, I. (2009). Sumber stres, strategi daya tindak dan stres yang dialami pelajar universiti. Jurnal Kemanusiaan, 13, 46-62.
Ferlis Bullare, Rosnah Ismail, Lailawati Madlan & Surianti Lajuma. (2015). Strategi Daya Tindak Remaja Sekolah dan Hubungannya dengan Kemurungan. Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia 29 (1), 21-38
Hanina,H.H.,Tan, Poh Mae, Jumali Selamat. (2010). Stres dan pencapaian akademik mahasiswa pembangunan manusia di Universiti Putra Malaysia. Jurnal Personalia Pelajar 3:57-72.
Icaro, J.S., Rafael, P., Ivna, V.F, Bruno, G.O., Cezar, A.C & Eduardo, N.B. (2018). Stress and Quality of Life Among University Students: A Systematic Literature Review. Health Professions Education, 4(2), 70-77.
Lester, N., Nebel, L. E., & Baum, A. U. (1994). Psychophsysiological and behavioral measurement of stress: Applications to mental health. Dlm. W. R. Avison & 1. H. Gotlib (pnyt.). Stress and mental health: Contemporary issues and prospects for the future. hlm. 291 - 310. New York: Plenum Press.
Kohn, J. P. & Frazer, G. H. (1986). An academic stress scale: Identification and rated importance of academic stressors. Psychological Reports 59: 415-426.
Kotter, T., Wagner, J., Bruheim, L & Voltmer, E. (2017). Perceived Medical School stress of undergraduate medical students predicts academic performance: An observational study. BMC Med Educ, 17(1), 1-6.
Malhotra, N.K., Hall, J., Sham, M & Crsip, M. (1996). Marketing Research: Applied Orientation (1st Edition). Sydney: Prentice Hall.
Mastura Mahfar, Fadilah Zaini & Nor Akmar Nordin. (2007). Analisis faktor penyebab stres di kalangan pelajar. Jurnal Kemanusiaa,. 62-71
Mohd Zuri Bin Ghani. (2006). Sumbangan faktor ciri keluarga, personaliti, sikap dan tekanan terhadap pencapaian pelajar pintar cerdas akademik. Tesis Dr. Fal, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
McNamara, S. (2000). Stress in Young People: What’s New and What Can We Do?. New York: Continuum.
Michaela C. Pascoe, Sarah E. Hetrick & Alexandra G. Parker (2020) The impact of stress on students in secondary school and higher education, International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 25:1, 104-112.
Misra, R., & McKean, M. (2000). College Students’ academic stress and its relation to their anxiety, time management, and leisure satisfaction. American Journal of Health Studies, 16, 41-51.
Mohd Suhami Mohamad & Rozita Ibrahim. (2018). Perbezaan Gender Tekanan Psikologikal dan Kesihatan Mental dalam Kalangan Pelajar Prasiswazah. Jurnal Personalia Pelajar, 21(1),55-66.
Pfeiffer, D. (2001). Academic and environmental stress among undergraduate and graduate college students: A literature review. University of Wisconsin-Stout.
Rahim Utah. (2013). IBM SPSS Statistic For Window. Pejabat Teknologi Maklumat
Ramón C.C., Félix, Z.O, Eva M.O. & Manuel C.S. (2019). Relationship between Academic Stress, Physical Activity and Diet in University Students of Education. Behavioral Sciences, 9(59), 2-12.
Redhwan, A.A.N et al. (2009). Stress and coping strategies among Management and Science University students: A qualitative study. International Medical Journal. 8(2), 11–15.
Resick, P.A. (2001). Stress and trauma. United Kingdom: Psychology Press, Ltd.
Sumathi, V dan Gunasundari, K (2016). Problem faced by the women entrepreneurs in India. International Journal of Management Research and Reviews, 6(3), 348-354.
Uehara, T., Takeuchi, K., Kubota, F., Oshima, K & Ishikawa, O. (2010). Annual transition of major depressive episode in university students using a structured self‐rating questionnaire. Asia-Pacific Psychiatry, Volume 2(2), 99-104.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
DISCLAIMER
The editors and publisher of Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia have made every possible effort to verify the accuracy of all information contained in this publication. Any opinions, discussions, views and recommendations expressed in the article are solely those of the authors and are not of Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, its editors or its publisher. Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, its editors and its publisher will not be liable for any direct, indirect, consequential, special, exemplary, or other damages arising therefrom.