Faktor Risiko Tingkah Laku Relaps Dadah dalam Kalangan Pelatih Wanita di Cure and Care Rehabilitation Centre (CCRC) (Risk Factors of Drug Relapse Behavior among Female Clients in Cure and Care Rehabilitation Centre (CCRC))
Abstract
The issue of drug addiction among women has shown a significant increased over the years. One of the issues related to drug addiction is drug relapse. Most studies on drug addiction focus on male clients and thus contribute to intervention strategies that appropriate for male. An effective intervention strategy must be client-based as well as gender-based intervention. Therefore, this study is aimed to explore the risks factors of drug relapse involving female clients in Cure and Care Rehabilitation Centre (CCRC) Bachok, Kelantan. This study utilized qualitative research design, consisted of an in-depth interview with 11 informants, who are chosen based on the purposive sampling technique. The data obtained from the interview were analyzed using thematic analysis through Nvivo 10 software. There are three main themes emerged that explain the risk factors of drug relapse among women; employment issues, internal factors or emotional strain and push and pull factors from the informant's social system. This study proposes that intervention strategies should be holistic and integrative by incorporating a client’s ecological systems, namely micro, mezzo and macro levels. Emphasis should also be given to the client's psychological aspects.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abasi, I., & Mohammadkhani, P. (2016). Family risk factors among women with addiction-related problems: An integrative review. International Journal of High Risk Behaviors & Addiction, 5(2), e-27021. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba.27071.
Addiction Center. (2019). The differences in addiction between men and women. Diakses daripada https://www.addictioncenter.com/addiction/differences-men-women/.
Agensi AntiDadah Kebangsaan (AADK). (2018). Buku maklumat dadah, 2018. Putrajaya. Kementerian Dalam Negeri.
Ayyagari, S., Boles, S., Johnson, P & Kleber, H. (1999). Difficulties in recruiting pregnant substance abusing women into treatment: Problems encountered during the cocaine alternative treatment study. Health Services Research, 16, 80–81.
Corrigan, P.W., Kuwabara, S.A., & O’ Shaughnessy, J. (2009). The public stigma of mental illness and drug addiction: Findings from a stratified random sample. Journal of Social Work, 9(2), 139-147.
Corrigan, P.W., Watson, A.C., & Miller, F.E. (2006). Blame, shame and contamination: The impact of mental illness and drug dependence stigma on family members. Journal of Family Psychology, 20(2), 239-246.
Creswell, J.W. (1998). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five traditions. California: Sage Publications.
Day, A., Thurlow, K., & Woolliscroft, J. (2003). Working with childhood sexual abuse: A survey of mental health professionals. Child Abuse & Neglect, 27, 191-198.
Engstrom, M., El-Bassel, N., & Gilbert, L. (2012). Childhood sexual abuse characteristics, intimate partner violence exposure and psychological distress among women in methadone treatment. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 43(3), 366–76.
Fauziah Ibrahim., Mustaffa Omar., Z.M. Lukman., Khadijah Alavi., Norulhuda Sarnon @ Kusenin., Salina Nen., & Nasrudin, S. (2011). Employment barriers against people with drug use histories. Pertanika Journal of Social Science and Humanities, 19(S), 109-114.
Fauziah Ibrahim., Ezarina Zakaria., Salina Nen., Norulhuda Sarnon., & Nor Jana Saim. (2014). Pengguna dadah wanita di Malaysia: Pengalaman penagihan dan hubungan kekeluargaan. Jurnal Teknologi, 67(1), 17-25.
Galaif, E.R., & Newcomb, M.D. (1999). Predictors of polidrug use among four ethnic groups: A 12-year longitudinal study. Addictive Behaviors, 24(5), 607-31.
Hien, D., Cohen, L., & Campbell, C. (2005). Is traumatic stress a vulnerability factor for women with substance use disorders? Clinical Psychology Review, 25, 813–833.
Johnson, J.E., O'Leary, C.C., Striley, C.W., Abdallah, A.B., Bradford, S., & Cottler, L.B. (2011). Effects of major depression on crack use and arrests among women in drug court. Addiction, 106(7), 1279–1286.
Kendler, K.S., Bulik, C.M., Silberg, J., Hettema, J.M., Myers, J., & Prescott, C.A. (2000). Childhood sexual abuse and adult psychiatric and substance use disorders in women: An epidemiological and cotwin control analysis. Archives of General Psychiatry, 57, 953-959.
Khazaee-Pool, M., Pashaei, T., Nouri, R., Taymoori, P., & Ponnet, K. (2019). Understanding the relapse process: Exploring Iranian women’s substance use experiences. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention and Policy, 14, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13011-019-0216-3.
Kokkevi, A., Kanavou, E., Richardson, C., Fotiou, A., Papadopoulou, S., Monshouwer, K., Matias, J., & Olszewski, D. (2014). Polydruguse by European adolescents in the context of other problem behaviours. Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 31,323-342.
Macy, R.J., Renz, C., & Pelino, E. (2013). Partner violence and substance abuse are intertwined: Women’s perceptions of violence-substance connections. Violence Against Women, 19(7), 881-902.
Marlatt, G.A., & Witkiewitz, K. (0. Relapse prevention for alcohol and drug problems. Dalam G.A. Marlatt & D.M. Donovan (Eds.), Relapse prevention: Maintenance strategies in the treatment of addictive behaviors (2nd ed.) (m.s. 1-44). New York: The Guilford Press.
Mason, W.A., & Windle, M. (2001). Family, religious, school and peer influences on adolescent alcohol use: A longitudinal study. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 62(1), 44–62.
Nazira Sadiron., Mohammad Rahim Kamaluddin., Wan Shahrazad Wan Sulaiman., & Rozainee Khairudin. (2019). Psikologi Penagihan Dadah: Satu Tinjauan Literatur. Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, 33 (1), 12-33
Olphen, J.V., Eliason, M.J., Freudenberg, N., & Barnes, M. (2009). Nowhere to go: How stigma limits the options of female drug users after release from jail. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention and Policy, 4, https://doi.org/10.1186/1747-597X-4-10.
Parsai, M., Voisine, S., Marsiglia, F. F., Kulis, S., & Nieri, T. (2009). The protective and risk effects of parents and peers on substance use, attitudes, and behaviors of Mexican and Mexican American female and male adolescents. Youth & Society, 40(3), 353-376.
Ridenour T.A., Maldonado-Molina M., Compton, W.M., Spitznagel, E.L., & Cottler, L.B. (2005). Factors associated with the transition from abuse to dependence among substance abusers: implications for a measure of addictive liability. Drug Alcohol Dependency 80(1):1–14.
Rubin, A., & Babbie, E.R. (2008). Research methods for social work (6th ed.). Belmont, CA: Thomson.
Sabitha, Marican., Mahmood Nazar Mohamed., & Rosnah Ismail. (2007), Trend dan punca penggunaan dadah di kalangan penagih dadah wanita di negeri Sabah: Implikasi kepada rawatan dan pemulihan dadah, Jurnal Anti Dadah Malaysia, 2(2), 111-136.
Schneider, R., & Burnette, M. (2009). Prevalence and correlates of intimate partner violence victimization among men and women entering substance use disorder treatment. Violence and Victims, 24(6), 744–756.
Smith, P.H., Homish, G.G., Leonard, K.E., & Cornelius, J.R. (2012). Intimate partner violence and specific substance use disorders: Findings from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 26(2), 236–45.
Strashny, A. (2014). Age of substance use initiation among treatment admissions aged 18 to 30. Diakses daripada https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK384841/.
Sun, Y., Guo, W., Li, G., He, S., & Lu, H. (2017). Increased synthetic drug abuse and trends in HIV and syphilis prevalence among femake drug users from 2010-2014 from Beijing, China. International Journal of STD & AIDS, 29(1), 30-37.
Tani, C.R., Chavez, E.L., & Deffenbacher, J.L. (2001). Peer isolation and drug use among White Non-Hispanic and Mexican American adolescents. Adolescence, 36(141),127–138.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
DISCLAIMER
The editors and publisher of Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia have made every possible effort to verify the accuracy of all information contained in this publication. Any opinions, discussions, views and recommendations expressed in the article are solely those of the authors and are not of Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, its editors or its publisher. Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, its editors and its publisher will not be liable for any direct, indirect, consequential, special, exemplary, or other damages arising therefrom.