Pengintegrasian Semula dalam Kalangan Banduan: Satu Tinjauan Sorotan Literatur (Reintegration Among Former Inmates: A Literature Review)

Nur Addila Ahmad, N.K. Tharshini

Abstract


Prisoners have been leaving correctional facilities and returning to their communities for as long as incarceration has existed. In general, reintegration is a difficult process for many former prisoners since they face a variety of challenges simultaneously. Hence, this article is prepared to review the reintegration issue among former prisoners. A literature review was conducted to obtain information on various reintegration issues from the Taylor and Francis, Sage, and Google Scholar databases. The result depicts that many former prisoners have difficulty finding employment because they tend to be uneducated and have few job skills. The findings also show that a large number of former prisoners encounter mental health issues, medical problems, stigmatisation, and a lack of family and community support. As an overall impact, the review is expected to have significant implications and provide a better understanding of the reintegration process to the stakeholders. Hence, they could design an impactful reintegration program to help former prisoners adjust to life outside of prison and learn to desist from further criminal activities. 


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