Sistem Kerja Ergonomik dan Prestasi Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan dalam Industri Pembuatan di Klang, Selangor

(Ergonomics Work System (EWS) and Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Performance in the Manufacturing Industry in Klang, Selangor)

  • Melissa Kao Jia Wern UNIVERSITI KEBANGSAAN MALAYSIA
  • Mohd Nasir Selamat UNIVERSITI KEBANGSAAN MALAYSIA
Keywords: Sistem kerja ergonomik, prestasi keselamatan, kesihatan pekerjaan, industri pembuatan, tekanan kerja

Abstract

Di Malaysia, kajian telah menunjukkan bahawa pertumbuhan dan prestasi pekerja yang rendah berlaku disebabkan kejadian kemalangan, kesihatan dan stres di tempat kerja. Keadaan ini mempengaruhi prestasi organisasi, mengurangkan kualiti kerja, meningkatkan kos pampasan pekerja dan akhirnya mengganggu perkembangan organisasi dan pertumbuhan ekonomi negara. Kajian ini bertujuan mengkaji faktor sistem kerja ergonomik terutamanya faktor persekitaran, faktor teknologi, faktor tugas dan faktor organisasi terhadap prestasi keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan iaitu stres pekerjaan, kemalangan pekerjaan, kesihatan pekerjaan di industri pembuatan. Seramai seratus lima orang responden daripada beberapa syarikat pembuatan di Klang, Selangor telah dianalisis melalui soal selidik yang diedarkan. Empat dimensi terlibat sebagai pembolehubah bebas untuk mengukur faktor sistem kerja ergonomik iaitu persekitaran, teknologi, tugas dan organisasi manakala prestasi keselamatan dan kesihatan sebagai pembolehubah bersandar diukur melalui stres pekerjaan, kemalangan pekerjaan dan kesihatan pekerjaan. Kajian mendapati sistem kerja ergonomik di organisasi telah mempengaruhi aspek keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan yang membawa kepada stres pekerjaan. Didapati juga faktor teknologi mempunyai pengaruh dengan aspek   keselamatan pekerja. Hasil kajian menyatakan penekanan kepada faktor organisasi terutamanya latihan dan pembangunan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemahiran pekerja semasa menjalankan kerja mereka. Dengan menguatkuasakan aspek-aspek sistem kerja ergonomik terutamanya faktor persekitaran, teknologi, tugas dan organisasi dapat membantu memastikan prestasi keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan lebih terjamin.

Kata kunci: Sistem kerja ergonomik; prestasi keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan; industri pembuatan, stres kerja

 

ABSTRACT

In Malaysia, studies show that the low growth and performance of workers are caused by accident, health and stress at workplace. This situation affects organization performance and reduces work quality, increases the cost of employee compensation and ultimately disrupts the organization's growth and economic growth. This study examines the ergonomic work system especially environmental factor, technology factor, tasks and organizational factor on occupational safety and health performance; occupational stress, occupational accident, occupational health in the manufacturing industry. Hundred and five respondents from several manufacturing companies in Klang, Selangor were analyzed through distributed questionnaires. Four dimensions are involved as independent variables to measure ergonomic work system factors such as environment, technology, task and organization while safety and health performance as dependent variables are measured through occupational stress, occupational accident and occupational health. The ergonomic work system affects much in occupational safety and health that leads to occupational stress. Technological factors also affect safety problems. The findings emphasize that organizational factors, particularly training and development enhance knowledge and skills of employees while performing their duties. By enforcing aspects of the ergonomic work system, such as environmental, technological, task and organizational factors can help enhance job security and work safety.

Keywords: Ergonomic work system (EWS); Occupational Safety and Health Performance (OSH); Manufacturing industry, Work stress

Published
2019-10-19
How to Cite
Jia Wern, M. K., & Selamat, M. N. (2019, October 19). Sistem Kerja Ergonomik dan Prestasi Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan dalam Industri Pembuatan di Klang, Selangor. Jurnal Wacana Sarjana, 3(1), 1-14. Retrieved from https://spaj.ukm.my/jws/index.php/jws/article/view/212