Sistem Kerja Ergonomik, Prestasi Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan di Industri Pembuatan Malaysia

(Ergonomic Work System, Occupational Safety and Health Performance in Malaysian Manufacturing Industry)

  • Nur Azreen Rahman Pusat Kajian Kesejahteraan Manusia dan Masyarakat, Fakulti Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
  • Mohd Nasir Selamat Pusat Kajian Kesejahteraan Manusia dan Masyarakat, Fakulti Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Keywords: Prestasi keselamatan, kesihatan pekerja, sistem kerja ergonomik, produktiviti, sektor pembuatan

Abstract

Di Malaysia, sektor pembuatan merupakan antara penyumbang utama kepada pertumbuhan ekonomi negara. Namun, beberapa faktor yang boleh menyebabkan prestasi pekerja menurun telah dikenalpasti. Antaranya seperti isu keselamatan di tempat kerja, masalah kesihatan, dan persekitaran ruang kerja. Faktor-faktor ini boleh menjejaskan produktiviti sesebuah organisasi sekiranya tidak diberikan perhatian. Kajian ini mengkaji sistem kerja ergonomik seperti faktor tugas, faktor organisasi dan persekitaran serta hubungannya dengan prestasi keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan di kilang-kilang pembuatan di sekitar Johor. Seratus orang responden dari lima buah kilang pembuatan di Johor telah dianalisis melalui edaran soal-selidik. Pembolehubah bebas mengandungi tiga dimensi yang terlibat untuk mengukur faktor tugas, faktor organisasi dan faktor persekitaran sementara pembolehubah bersandar diukur melalui tekanan pekerjaan, kemalangan pekerjaan, ketidakhadiran dan penyakit. Prestasi pekerja menurun disebabkan kemalangan pekerjaan yang juga boleh membawa kepada ketidakhadiran pekerja. Bebanan kerja yang banyak boleh menyebabkan masalah kesihatan khususnya kesihatan mental. Akta Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan 1994 (Akta 514) hendaklah dikuatkuasakan di tempat kerja bagi menjaga prestasi para pekerja. Antara perkara yang disentuh ialah pekerja hendaklah memakai peralatan keselamatan atau pelindung diri semasa bekerja bagi tujuan keselamatan. Selain itu, bebanan tugas perlu diambil kira agar tidak menjejaskan kesihatan pekerja, sekaligus menjaga prestasi produktiviti yang dihasilkan. Penyelidikan masa depan dan batasan kajian turut dibincangkan.

ABSTRACT

In Malaysia, the manufacturing sector is a major contributor to economic growth. However, several factors that can lead to decreased employee performance have been identified. Such as the issue of workplace safety, health, and environment work area. These factors can affect the productivity of an organization if not given attention. The study examined the ergonomic work system tasks such factors, organizational factors and the environment and its relationship to job safety and health performance in manufacturing factories around Johor. One hundred students from five manufacturing plants in Johor have been analyzed through the distribution of questionnaires. The independent variables consist of three dimensions involved to measure duty factor, organizational factors and environmental factors while the dependent variable is measured by job stress, job accidents, absenteeism and illness. Employee performance declined due to occupational accidents can also lead to employee absenteeism. Workloads may cause health problems, especially mental health. Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (Act 514) shall be enforced in the workplace for employees to maintain performance. Among the things discussed was the workers should wear personal protective equipment or safety at work for safety reasons. In addition, the workload should be taken into consideration so as not to affect the health of workers, while maintaining the performance of the resulting productivity. Future research and limitations of the study were discussed.
Keywords: Performance safety, workers’ health, ergonomic work system, productivity, manufacturing industry

Published
2020-04-27
How to Cite
Rahman, N. A., & Selamat, M. N. (2020, April 27). Sistem Kerja Ergonomik, Prestasi Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan di Industri Pembuatan Malaysia. Jurnal Wacana Sarjana, 4(2), 1-10. Retrieved from https://spaj.ukm.my/jws/index.php/jws/article/view/278