Fasiliti Pertahanan Pangkalan Tentera Laut Diraja British di Singapura 1914-1950
British Royal Naval Base Defense Facility in Singapore 1914-1950
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Kajian ini akan meneliti pembangunan kemudahan dan infrastruktur pertahanan Pangkalan Tentera Laut British di Singapura antara tahun 1914 hingga 1950. Kemudahan yang dibangunkan oleh Tentera Laut British di pangkalan tentera laut merupakan elemen penting bagi melicinkan pengoperasian pangkalan tentera selain memberi kemudahan kepada masyarakat bandar setempat. Perkembangan teknologi dan infrastruktur yang moden telah mendorong Armada Laut British di Singapura untuk meningkatkan lagi pertahanan di pangkalan tentera laut termasuklah pembinaan pembangunan seperti hospital di kawasan pangkalan tentera laut. Bagaimanapun, perkembangan sains dan teknologi era kolonial masih kurang mendapat perhatian pengkaji sejarah di Malaysia. Kepentingan aspek kajian ini adalah untuk membuktikan keupayaan pertahanan Pangkalan Tentera Laut British dalam memberi akses kemudahan pertahanan seperti limbungan kapal, depoh stesen minyak, stesen udara, dan kelengkapan teknologi persenjataan moden. Kemudahan kesihatan turut dibangunkan untuk anggota dan pegawai Tentera Laut British yang bertugas di pangkalan tersebut. Kebanyakan kajian lepas dalam aspek pertahanan di Singapura adalah lebih tertumpu dalam konteks perkembangan kerja-kerja pertahanan di Singapura berbanding proses pembangunan Pangkalan Tentera Laut Diraja British. Kertas kerja ini adalah bagi meneliti peranan Tentera Laut British dalam membangunkan pelbagai kemudahan di pangkalan mahupun kawasan setempat. Kaedah yang digunakan untuk menjalankan kajian ini ialah kaedah kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan sejarah. Analisis kandungan sumber primer untuk meneliti peranan Tentera Laut British dan proses pembangunan pangkalan tentera laut ialah fail kolonial CO 273 Colonial Office: Straits Settlement Original Correspondence. Sumber akhbar juga digunakan untuk memperolehi maklumat mengenai pembangunan kemudahan kesihatan dan stesen udara Laut British.
Kata Kunci: Sejarah Pertahanan; Imperialisme British; Teknologi Perang; Armada Laut; Negeri-Negeri Selat.
ABSTRACT
This study will examine the development of the facilities and defense infrastructure of the British Naval Base in Singapore between 1914 and 1950. The facilities developed by the British Navy at the naval base are an important element to smooth the operation of the military base in addition to providing convenience to the local urban community. The development of modern technology and infrastructure has encouraged the British Navy in Singapore to further increase defenses at the naval base, including the construction of developments such as hospitals in the naval base area. However, the development of science and technology in the colonial era still lacks the attention of historians in Malaysia. The importance of this aspect of the study is to prove the defense capability of the British Naval Base in providing access to defense facilities such as shipyards, gas station depots, air stations, and modern weapons technology equipment. Health facilities were also developed for members and officers of the British Navy on duty at the base. Most of the past studies in defense aspects in Singapore are more focused in the context of the development of defense works in Singapore than the development process of the British Royal Naval Base. This paper is to examine the role of the British Navy in developing various facilities at the base or local area. The method used to conduct this study is a qualitative method using a historical approach. Content analysis of the primary source to examine the role of the British Navy and the naval base development process is the colonial file CO 273 Colonial Office: Straits Settlement Original Correspondence. Newspaper sources were also used to obtain information on the development of health facilities and British naval air stations.
Keywords: Defense History; British Imperialism; Technology of War; Sea Fleet; Straits Countries.
